{"id":1350,"date":"2014-06-09T14:26:02","date_gmt":"2014-06-09T12:26:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/?p=1350"},"modified":"2020-01-21T20:30:15","modified_gmt":"2020-01-21T18:30:15","slug":"josefov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/josefov\/","title":{"rendered":"Josefov, teplomiln\u00e1 spole\u010denstva na severn\u00edch svaz\u00edch a vojensk\u00e9m cvi\u010di\u0161ti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fotogalerie\/Photo gallery ZDE\/HERE<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

*<\/span> English below *<\/span><\/p>\n

Popis lokality:<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00fdval\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 cvi\u010di\u0161t\u011b a navazuj\u00edc\u00ed severn\u011b orientovan\u00e9 str\u00e1n\u011b s \u0161irokolist\u00fdmi tr\u00e1vn\u00edky a mok\u0159inami, kter\u00e9 se rozprost\u00edraj\u00ed pod\u00e9l cel\u00e9ho severov\u00fdchodn\u00edho okraje Josefova.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159edm\u011bt ochrany:<\/div>\n
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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00dasvitem<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Brouzdaje se mokrou tr\u00e1vou,\r\nsvobodn\u00fd, svle\u010den, hambat\u00fd\r\nc\u00edt\u00edm n\u00e1hle v\u016fni zn\u00e1mou,\r\nno p\u0159ece \u010desnek \u2013 hranat\u00fd!<\/em><\/pre>\n
Vojensk\u00e9 cvi\u010di\u0161t\u011b s p\u0159ilehl\u00fdmi severn\u00edmi svahy p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed v Josefovskou promen\u00e1du jsou v\u00fdznamnou lokalitou, kde \u017eije unik\u00e1tn\u00ed hmyz a dnes ji\u017e velmi vz\u00e1cn\u011b vyskytuj\u00ed se rostliny. Lokalita se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ji\u017en\u011b a jihoz\u00e1padn\u011b od Poklasn\u00e9ho ml\u00fdna a lemuje v podstat\u011b cel\u00fd v\u00fdchodn\u00ed okraj Josefova. Jedn\u00e1 se o lesostepn\u00ed spole\u010denstva, st\u0159\u00eddav\u011b vysychav\u00e9 mok\u0159iny a extenzivn\u00ed ovocn\u00fd sad.<\/p>\n
P\u011bchava pod nohama vojensk\u00e9 p\u011bchoty<\/strong><\/p>\n
Zdej\u0161\u00ed nejvz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rostlinou je p\u011bchava slatinn\u00e1. Udr\u017eela se dosud na vojensk\u00e9m cvi\u010di\u0161ti v po\u010dtu n\u011bkolika trs\u016f. D\u0159\u00edve byla v na\u0161\u00ed krajin\u011b hojn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a to zejm\u00e9na na vlhk\u00fdch louk\u00e1ch s v\u00e1pnit\u00fdm, \u010di opukov\u00fdm podlo\u017e\u00edm. Obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed podm\u00e1\u010den\u00fdch luk bylo bohu\u017eel z\u00farodn\u011bno. V r\u00e1mci meliora\u010dn\u00edho \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed v 70. a 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed nejprve do\u0161lo k drastick\u00e9mu odvodn\u011bn\u00ed luk, posl\u00e9ze k rozor\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed na pole. N\u00e1sledkem toho byla vyhubena cel\u00e1 \u0159ada rostlin a \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, mezi kter\u00e9 pat\u0159il krom\u011b zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 p\u011bchavy i kr\u00e1sn\u011b kvetouc\u00ed \u010desnek hranat\u00fd.<\/p>\n
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\"OLYMPUS<\/a><\/td>\n\"OLYMPUS<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
P\u011bchava slatinn\u00e1 (Sesleria uliginosa<\/em><\/a>)<\/td>\nV\u0159etenu\u0161ka komonicov\u00e1 (Zygaena<\/em><\/a> loti) na \u010desneku\u00a0hranat\u00e9m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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Kde je hranat\u00fd ten \u010desnek hranat\u00fd?<\/strong><\/p>\n
Mok\u0159iny pod severn\u00edmi svahy Josefova jsou na Jarom\u011b\u0159sku jedn\u00edm z posledn\u00edch m\u00edst v\u00fdskytu siln\u011b ohro\u017een\u00e9ho \u010desneku hranat\u00e9ho. Ten nez\u00edskal sv\u00e9 jm\u00e9no podle hranat\u00fdch strou\u017ek\u016f, ale podle z\u0159eteln\u011b \u010dty\u0159hrann\u00e9 lodyhy. Z\u00e1pach \u010di sp\u00ed\u0161e v\u016fn\u011b, kter\u00fd tato rostlina kolem sebe \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed, je zcela identick\u00fd s v\u016fn\u00ed kuchy\u0148sk\u00e9ho \u010desneku.<\/p>\n
Ochrana a\u017e z Bruselu<\/strong><\/p>\n
Vyskytuje se zde velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed mot\u00fdl\u016f, mezi nimi i atraktivn\u00ed otak\u00e1rek fenyklov\u00fd. P\u0159ed v\u00edce jak p\u016fl stolet\u00edm \u017eil na lokalit\u011b i podobn\u011b obdivovan\u00fd ok\u00e1\u010d skaln\u00ed. Stejn\u011b jako jinde ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch byl tak\u00e9 tady bohu\u017eel vyhuben. To na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed zat\u00edm nelze \u0159\u00edci o modr\u00e1skovi bahenn\u00edm, kter\u00e9ho dokonce chr\u00e1n\u00ed i Evropsk\u00e1 unie.<\/p>\n
M\u00edstn\u00edm \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdm unik\u00e1tem je brouk svi\u017en\u00edk n\u011bmeck\u00fd. Pro sv\u016fj \u017eivot nutn\u011b pot\u0159ebuje m\u00edsta s\u00a0velmi sporou rostlinnou vegetac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 navazuj\u00ed na rozvoln\u011bn\u00e9 stepn\u00ed tr\u00e1vn\u00edky.<\/p>\n
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\"OLYMPUS<\/td>\n\"OLYMPUS<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Svi\u017en\u00edk poln\u00ed (Cicindela campestris<\/em><\/a>)<\/td>\nOtak\u00e1rek fenyklov\u00fd (Papilio machaon<\/em><\/a>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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Na lokalit\u011b lze spat\u0159it je\u0161t\u011brky, slep\u00fd\u0161e a sly\u0161et m\u016f\u017eete mno\u017estv\u00ed ptactva, nap\u0159\u00edklad koroptve, k\u0159epelky, slav\u00edky, \u0165uh\u00fdky \u010di p\u011bnice. Ornitologov\u00e9 v\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b hlasit\u011bji j\u00e1saj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na nad v\u00fdskytem \u017eluny \u0161ed\u00e9, kter\u00e1 tu stejn\u011b jako v okoln\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed niv\u011b Star\u00e9 a Nov\u00e9 Metuje hojn\u011b hn\u00edzd\u00ed.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\"OLYMPUS<\/td>\n\"OLYMPUS<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
modr\u00e1sek vikvicov\u00fd\u00a0(Polyommatus coridon<\/i><\/a>)<\/span><\/td>\nmodr\u00e1sek o\u010dkovan\u00fd (Maculinea teleius<\/em>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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Arm\u00e1da – pro p\u0159\u00edrodu sp\u00e1sa nebo zk\u00e1za?<\/strong><\/p>\n
V\u011bt\u0161ina zdej\u0161\u00edch vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch rostlin a \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f byla a je \u00fazce v\u00e1z\u00e1na na \u010dinnost arm\u00e1dy. Ta v Josefov\u011b nev\u011bdomky nahrazovala r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed procesy, kter\u00e9 se vlivem \u010dinnosti \u010dlov\u011bka p\u0159estaly odehr\u00e1vat. Pojezdy motorov\u00fdch a p\u00e1sov\u00fdch vozidel rozru\u0161uj\u00ed drn, ob\u010dasn\u00e9 v\u00fdbuchy vojensk\u00e9 munice i lok\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a udr\u017euj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 extr\u00e9mn\u00ed stanovi\u0161t\u011b, kter\u00e1 jsou pro zdej\u0161\u00ed organismy z\u00e1rukou p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dinnost arm\u00e1dy, imitace historick\u00fdch bitev, ale t\u0159eba i z\u00e1vody cyklist\u016f m\u00edstn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed hodnoty nejen neohroz\u00ed, ale naopak maj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd dopad.<\/p>\n
Vz\u00e1cn\u00fd pch\u00e1\u010d bezlody\u017en\u00fd je v\u00e1zan\u00fd na m\u00edsta s\u00a0rozvoln\u011bn\u00fdm a n\u00edzk\u00fdm travn\u00edm drnem. Dor\u016fst\u00e1 do maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky 20 cm. Da\u0159\u00ed se mu proto zejm\u00e9na na m\u00edstech, kde je ter\u00e9n rozvoln\u011bn\u00fd a naru\u0161ovan\u00fd (nap\u0159\u00edklad pastvou, vojenskou technikou, nebo alespo\u0148 ob\u010dasn\u00fdm kosen\u00edm). Jestli\u017ee tomu tak nen\u00ed, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rostlinn\u00e1 vegetace ho postupn\u011b p\u0159eroste a nakonec zcela vytla\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Na t\u00e9to lokalit\u011b roste p\u011bchava slatinn\u00e1 (Sesleria uliginosa<\/span><\/i><\/a>),\u00a0mod\u0159enec chocholat\u00fd (Muscari comosum<\/span><\/i><\/a>), ho\u0159ec brvit\u00fd (Gentianopsis ciliata<\/span><\/a><\/em>), \u010desnek hranat\u00fd (Allium angulosum<\/span><\/a>), pch\u00e1\u010d bezlody\u017en\u00fd (Cirsium acaule<\/span><\/i><\/a>), brad\u00e1\u010dek vej\u010dit\u00fd (Listera ovata<\/span><\/i><\/a>), kru\u0161t\u00edk \u0161irolist\u00fd (Epipactis helleborine<\/span><\/em><\/a>), okrotice b\u00edl\u00e1 (Cephalanthera alba<\/span><\/em><\/a>), oman vrbolist\u00fd (Inula salicina<\/span><\/i><\/a>) a prvosenka jarn\u00ed (Primula veri<\/span><\/i>s<\/span><\/a>). Patrn\u011b historick\u00e1 lokalita ledence p\u0159\u00edmo\u0159sk\u00e9ho (Tetragonolobus maritimus<\/span><\/em><\/a>).<\/span><\/p>\n
Z\u00a0hmyzu zde \u017eije svi\u017en\u00edk n\u011bmeck\u00fd (Cicindela germanica<\/span><\/em><\/a>; jedna ze dvou v\u00fdchodo\u010desk\u00fdch lokalit), svi\u017en\u00edk poln\u00ed (C. campestris<\/span><\/i><\/a>), majka\u00a0Meloe rugosus<\/span><\/em><\/a>, modr\u00e1sek bahenn\u00ed (Maculinea nausithous<\/span><\/i><\/a>), m. o\u010dkovan\u00fd (M. teleius<\/span><\/em><\/a>), m. vikvicov\u00fd (Polyommatus coridon<\/span><\/i><\/a>), otak\u00e1rek fenyklov\u00fd (Papilio machaon<\/span><\/i><\/a>), siln\u00e1 populace ok\u00e1\u010de boj\u00ednkov\u00e9ho (Melanargia galathea<\/span><\/i><\/a>). Zaletuje kl\u00ednatka rohat\u00e1 (Ophiogomphus cecilia<\/span><\/i><\/a>). Historick\u00e1 lokalita ok\u00e1\u010de skaln\u00edho (Chazara briseis<\/span><\/i><\/a>). \u017dije zde i je\u0161t\u011brka obecn\u00e1 (Lacerta agilis<\/span><\/a><\/em>), slep\u00fd\u0161 k\u0159ehk\u00fd (Anguis fragilis<\/span><\/a><\/em>), u\u017eovka obojkov\u00e1 (Natrix natrix<\/span><\/a><\/em>). Hn\u00edzd\u00ed koroptev poln\u00ed (Perdix perdix<\/span><\/i><\/a>), lejsek \u0161ed\u00fd (Muscicapa striata<\/span><\/i><\/a>), slav\u00edk obecn\u00fd (Luscinia megarhynchos<\/span><\/i><\/a>), \u0165uh\u00fdk obecn\u00fd (Lanius collurio<\/span><\/i><\/a>), nepravideln\u00fdmi hn\u00edzdi\u010di jsou tak\u00e9 k\u0159epelka obecn\u00e1 (Coturnix coturnix<\/span><\/i><\/a>), \u017eluna \u0161ed\u00e1 (Picus canus<\/span><\/i><\/a>), \u017eluna zelen\u00e1 (Picus viridis<\/span><\/i><\/a>), strakapoud mal\u00fd (Dendrocopos minor<\/span><\/i><\/a>), \u017eluva hajn\u00ed (Oriolus oriolus<\/span><\/i><\/a>), zaletuje krahujec obecn\u00fd (Accipiter nisus<\/span><\/i><\/a>), strakapoud ji\u017en\u00ed (Dendrocopos syriacus<\/span><\/i><\/a>), krutihlav obecn\u00fd (Jynx torquilla<\/span><\/i><\/a>) a strnad lu\u010dn\u00ed (Miliaria calandra<\/span><\/i><\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Vztah k Velkojarom\u011b\u0159sk\u00e9mu pozemkov\u00e9mu spolku:<\/div>\n
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\u010c\u00e1st lokality, kterou m\u00e1me dlouhodob\u011b vyp\u016fj\u010denou byla v roce 2004 z na\u0161eho popudu vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena jako p\u0159echodn\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 plocha a od roku 2004 se o ni i star\u00e1me (vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme ran\u00e1 sukcesn\u00ed st\u00e1dia, redukujeme n\u00e1letov\u00e9 d\u0159eviny, mozaikovit\u011b udr\u017eujeme travn\u00ed porosty a likvidujeme invazn\u00ed druhy rostlin). Postavili jsme zde l\u00edhni\u0161t\u011b a zimovi\u0161t\u011b pro plazy, vyrobili a nainstalovali dva informa\u010dn\u00ed panely. Od roku 2013 pak odborn\u011b dozorujeme a pom\u00e1h\u00e1me i finan\u010dn\u011b zaji\u0161\u0165ovat pojezdy vojensk\u00e9 p\u00e1sov\u00e9 techniky, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b \u0159\u00edd\u00edme asana\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce s pomoc\u00ed buldozer\u016f.<\/p>\n
D\u011bkujeme m\u011bstu Jarom\u011b\u0159-Josefov, kter\u00e9 sv\u00fdm vst\u0159\u00edcn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eet cenn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed plochy na \u00fazem\u00ed obce.<\/p>\n
N\u00e1vrh odborn\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
C\u00edlem by m\u011blo b\u00fdt op\u011btovn\u00e9 vytvo\u0159en\u00ed mozaiky travnat\u00fdch spole\u010denstev, prim\u00e1rn\u00edch sukcesn\u00edch st\u00e1di\u00ed (plochy obna\u017een\u00e9 a\u017e na miner\u00e1ln\u00ed podlo\u017e\u00ed) a periodick\u00fdch t\u016fn\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u0161e by m\u011blo b\u00fdt roz\u010dlen\u011bno rozvoln\u011bn\u00fdmi skupinkami ke\u0159\u016f a listnat\u00fdch les\u00edk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n
Vzhledem k\u00a0charakteru biotopu lze pova\u017eovat za nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob obnovy extenzivn\u00ed pastvu sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9ho st\u00e1da ovc\u00ed a koz nebo ide\u00e1ln\u011b kon\u00ed a zubr\u016f v\u00a0kombinaci s\u00a0ob\u010dasn\u00fdm naru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm vegeta\u010dn\u00edho krytu (nap\u0159. pojezdy motorov\u00fdch \u010di p\u00e1sov\u00fdch vozidel, v\u00fdbuchy vojensk\u00e9 munice, cyklistika, apod.). Proto\u017ee zaveden\u00ed pastvy je prozat\u00edm nere\u00e1ln\u00e9, je t\u0159eba nejprve zablokovat prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed sukcesi jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Za ten nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pova\u017eujeme \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 mechanick\u00e9 odstran\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1letov\u00fdch d\u0159evin na lokalit\u011b a alespo\u0148 jednou za dva a\u017e t\u0159i roky pokosen\u00ed travn\u00edch porost\u016f. Vhodn\u00e9 by bylo podpo\u0159it populace plaz\u016f zbudov\u00e1n\u00edm n\u011bkolika skl\u00e1dan\u00fdch such\u00fdch z\u00eddek a populace teplomiln\u00e9ho hmyzu vytvo\u0159en\u00edm n\u011bkolika ploch v rann\u00e9m stadiu sukcese (mechanick\u00e9 naru\u0161en\u00ed drnu a\u017e na podlo\u017e\u00ed).<\/p>\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed info ZDE<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n
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EN:<\/p>\n
Locality description<\/strong><\/p>\n
Former military training ground and adjoining north-facing hillsides with broad-leaved grasslands and wetlands extending along the entire northeastern edge of Josefov.<\/p>\n
Subject of protection<\/strong><\/p>\n
The first non-state bird reservation in the Czech Republic with an area of \u200b\u200b70 hectares, where we managed to restore wetlands and begin to actively protect birds and butterflies Dusky large blue (Phengaris nausithous<\/em>) using the grazing of wild horses from Exmoor, donkey, sheep and soon also aurochs, followed by a former military training ground to protect butterflies – for example Polyommatus coridon<\/em> using military tracked vehicles and bulldozer. The place of a planned attempt to reintroduce Chazara bries<\/em>.<\/p>\n
Land trust status:<\/strong><\/p>\n
In 2004, part of the locality that we have borrowed for a long time was declared as a temporary protected area on our initiative and since 2004 we have been taking care of it (we create early succession stages, reduce self-seeding woody plants, mosaically maintain grassland and destroy invasive plant species). We built a hatchery and wintering places for reptiles, produced and installed two information panels. Since 2013, we have professionally supervised and helped to provide financially travels of military track technology, or manage the remediation work with the help of bulldozers.<\/p>\n
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Fotogalerie\/Photo gallery ZDE\/HERE * English below * Popis lokality: B\u00fdval\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 cvi\u010di\u0161t\u011b a navazuj\u00edc\u00ed severn\u011b orientovan\u00e9 str\u00e1n\u011b s \u0161irokolist\u00fdmi tr\u00e1vn\u00edky a mok\u0159inami, kter\u00e9 se rozprost\u00edraj\u00ed pod\u00e9l cel\u00e9ho severov\u00fdchodn\u00edho okraje Josefova. \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lokalita"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1350"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1350\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6006,"href":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1350\/revisions\/6006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jarojaromer.cz\/spolek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}